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1995-03-25
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Document 0789
DOCN M9550789
TI Peyssonols A and B, two novel inhibitors of the reverse transcriptases
of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2.
DT 9505
AU Loya S; Bakhanashvili M; Kashman Y; Hizi A; Department of Cell Biology
and Histology, Sackler School of; Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel.
SO Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Feb 1;316(2):789-96. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/95168866
AB Two new sesquiterpene hydroquinones, peyssonol A and peyssonol B, of the
Red Sea algae Peyssonelia sp., have been shown to be potent inhibitors
of the RNA-directed DNA synthesis of the reverse transcriptases (RTs) of
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and HIV-2. The DNA-dependent DNA
polymerase activity is inhibited to a lesser extent, whereas the RNase H
activity is unaffected. The inhibition of the DNA polymerase activities
is independent of the nature of the template primers used. Peyssonol A
probably binds the RT at a site distinct from those occupied by the
substrates of the RNA-directed DNA synthesis, since the mode of
inhibition is noncompetitive with respect to both dNTP's and template
primer. This is partially true for peyssonol B, which is noncompetitive
with respect to only dNTP, but is competitive with respect to the
template primer. We have speculated that, since peyssonol B and the
template primer bear no apparent structural resemblance, the competitive
pattern of inhibition can be explained by an indirect steric hindrance
or by the overlap of the inhibitor and the substrate distinct binding
sites of the enzyme. Alternatively, the binding of the inhibitor to a
distinct site induces conformational changes that distort the binding of
the template primer. Furthermore, we have shown that both peyssonol A
and peyssonol B interfere with the direct binding of the RT to the
template primer, offering an explanation for the mechanism of the enzyme
inhibition. The insensitivity of DNA polymerase beta and the poor
response of DNA polymerase alpha to peyssonol A make this inhibitor more
attractive for the future development of a potent anti-HIV RT drug.
DE Algae/CHEMISTRY Comparative Study Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
DNA Polymerases/DRUG EFFECTS DNA Primers/METABOLISM Escherichia
coli/GENETICS Eukaryotic Cells/ENZYMOLOGY Hydroquinones/*PHARMACOLOGY
Protein Binding Recombinant Proteins/ANTAGONISTS & INHIB/BIOSYNTHESIS
Reverse Transcriptase/*ANTAGONISTS & INHIB/BIOSYNTHESIS/GENETICS/
METABOLISM Sesquiterpenes/*PHARMACOLOGY Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).